Dr Mario Reiners - DENTIST in Pretoria
& DENTAL SURGEON
BChD (Pret) PPD Inpl (Stel) NDT (Stel)
Pt No. 5449332
Specialised Dentistry
Implantology
What is an implant? A dental implant is a screw-like piece of metal the length of a tooth root, made from pure titanium or zirconia, which is placed into a specially prepared hole in the bone (alveolar osteotomy) below the level of the gum. On top of these artificial roots dental prostheses are fixed.
Implant treatment should be well planned before any surgery is done. The golden rule for placing implants must be prosthetically driven. The tooth to be replaced should be placed in the ideal position before determining the position where the implant must be placed. Usually the type of prosthesis that is fixed to the implants influence the type, number and size of the implants.
Implants can only be placed in bone that is healthy and has the required minimum thickness and depth. The bone must be of good quality with acceptable hardness. To diagnose whether or not bone is sufficiently hard and thick is often quite difficult.
Good x-rays from various angles are essential and in some cases a CBCT (cone beam computed tomography) scan may be required to precisely locate the nerve canals, thickness and height of the bone above and around them.
In areas where there is insufficient bone, bone can be build up by using various techniques of bone augmentation, such as ridge preservation/ ridge augmentation and sinus lift procedures.
Once the implant is placed, the surrounding bone may be given up to five months to grow firmly and attach itself to the implant surface (Osseo-integration).
Implants can be used to support single crowns, multiple bridges placed on implants or removable or fixed dentures.
Single Implants
Single implants are used to replace a single tooth, either through a screw retained prosthesis or a cementable prosthesis.
Proper evaluation of the bite is one of the factors to take into consideration before deciding on screw retained or cementable prosthesis.
Multiple Implants
When the whole dental arch is edentulous, or a part thereof, multiple implants can be used to restore the function and esthesis.
Dr. Reiners always works out a treatment plan that best suits the patient. Proper planning is essential for his success.
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AFTER
Full Make Overs and Aesthetic Dentistry
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AFTER
A beautiful smile is an integral part of a healthy mouth.
Full make overs and aesthetic dentistry are comprehensive treatment which need an interdisciplinary approach where all service modalities, like orthodontics, restorative-, surgical intervention, endodontics, periodontics, implants and aesthetics are taken into consideration to restore function and aesthetics of a patient.
In order to achieve the appropriate treatment regimen Dr. Reiners always get to a diagnosis first before resolving the problem. He then follows certain guidelines and understands the relations between teeth and the adjacent structures to get to a good acceptable result.
The first step in a Full Make over treatment is to determine the vertical height of the bite. If there is any loss of vertical height, it must first be addressed with temporary fillings and crowns to make sure that the muscles and surrounding structures will adjust without any problems to this new vertical height. Once the vertical height has been restored the final prosthesis can be manufactured, and VOILA - A BRAND NEW SMILE!!!
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AFTER
Prosthodontics
Prosthodontics refer to the appliances and prosthesis that are constructed to replace one or more missing teeth. The loss of a tooth gives rise to a significant disequilibrium in the masticatory system.
What happens when a tooth is lost? When a tooth is lost the posterior tooth begins to deviate forward and the anterior tooth backward, and the opposing tooth begins to extrude. This leads to the loss of the point of contact of the teeth, generating gingival and periodontal problems between neighboring teeth. In this way, dental loss that started with a single tooth extends to the other teeth.
After the loss of a tooth, healing of the residual socket begins. Initially a blood clot (coagulum) forms which is invaded by blood vessels and inflammatory cells from the adjacent bone. The alveolar bone resorbes to such a degree that it becomes difficult in some cases to replace the lost tooth with a prosthesis.
Removable Prosthodontics
Full upper and lower dentures
Loss of all teeth gives rise to local problems associated with mastication, appearance and phonation. General problems also occur, such as nutritional disorders and social problems. The absence of an occlusal plane usually has consequences for the tempero-mandibular joint (TMJ) due to the inability of the mandible to achieve a stable position with respect to the maxilla. In most cases teeth were lost due to periodontal disease.
Removable full dentures replace all missing teeth in the mouth. This prosthesis can be removed by the patients themselves to clean it and put it back themselves.
Dr. Reiners spend a lot of time in the manufacturing of dentures, to ensure that the functions of esthetics, speech and chewing are achieved properly.
Full upper denture
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AFTER
Immediate full dentures
Immediate full dentures are manufactured while the natural teeth are still in the mouth. The denture is only placed the day that the teeth are removed. The benefit of immediate full dentures is the quick adjustment of the patient due to the fact that there is no phase without teeth.
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The overlying full denture
If a tooth or root is left in the bone, the alveolar ridge stays intact and the ridge is preserved for longer. This reduces bone resorption, thus giving more stability to the denture.
Partial dentures
In cases where not all the teeth are lost, the missing teeth can be replaced by a partial denture to achieve function, esthesis and phonetics. These dentures are either made with an acrylic base, standard metal Chrome-cobalt phrame or the newest flexible acrylic base.
Dr. Reiners prefer the new flexible acrylic as it does not have the clasps that can damage the remaining teeth. According to patients the new flexible acrylic plates are very comfortable as they flex during mastication and function. This new characteristic makes it very durable and resistant to fracture.
Semi Fixed Prosthodontics
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AFTER
Semi Fixed Prosthodontics is a concept where the partial denture is fixed onto alotments, either on crowns, bridges or implants. The main purpose is to restore function, aesthetics and stability.
Fixed Prosthodontics
Crowns
Immediate full dentures are manufactured while the natural teeth are still in the mouth. The denture is only placed the day that the teeth are removed. The benefit of immediate full dentures is the quick adjustment of the patient due to the fact that there is no phase without teeth.
Bridges
Immediate full dentures are manufactured while the natural teeth are still in the mouth. The denture is only placed the day that the teeth are removed. The benefit of immediate full dentures is the quick adjustment of the patient due to the fact that there is no phase without teeth.
Inlays
Immediate full dentures are manufactured while the natural teeth are still in the mouth. The denture is only placed the day that the teeth are removed. The benefit of immediate full dentures is the quick adjustment of the patient due to the fact that there is no phase without teeth.
Onlays
Immediate full dentures are manufactured while the natural teeth are still in the mouth. The denture is only placed the day that the teeth are removed. The benefit of immediate full dentures is the quick adjustment of the patient due to the fact that there is no phase without teeth.
Vineers and Thineers
Immediate full dentures are manufactured while the natural teeth are still in the mouth. The denture is only placed the day that the teeth are removed. The benefit of immediate full dentures is the quick adjustment of the patient due to the fact that there is no phase without teeth.
Dental posts
Immediate full dentures are manufactured while the natural teeth are still in the mouth. The denture is only placed the day that the teeth are removed. The benefit of immediate full dentures is the quick adjustment of the patient due to the fact that there is no phase without teeth.